Diabetes Risk Hinges On How You Cook Potatoes

New grounds from decades of information reveals why your method of murphy cooking, aliases what you switch it for, could make a large quality to your semipermanent glucosuria risk.

Study: Total and circumstantial murphy intake and consequence of type 2 diabetes: results from 3 US cohort studies and a substitution meta-analysis of prospective cohorts. Image credit: Alexeysun/Shutterstock.com

A study successful nan BMJ evaluated whether full and individual murphy intake differentially impacts type 2 glucosuria (T2D) and assessed nan effect of replacing potatoes pinch full grains and different awesome carbohydrate sources connected T2D.

Potato depletion and T2D risks

Potatoes are nan 3rd astir consumed food, providing important regular energy. They incorporate various nutrients, specified arsenic vitamin C, fiber, potassium, polyphenols, and magnesium. However, nan precocious starch contented of potatoes tin summation nan glycemic index, thereby elevating nan consequence of metabolic diseases. Furthermore, circumstantial cooking methods besides alteration their nutrient content.

Although erstwhile studies person investigated nan relation betwixt murphy depletion and T2D, their findings person remained inconclusive. For instance, immoderate studies person shown a affirmative relationship betwixt murphy depletion and T2D, while others person observed an inverse association. A US-based individual subordinate information (IPD) meta-analysis revealed nary relation betwixt T2D and full murphy intake but a humble accrued consequence pinch fried murphy intake.

Inconsistency successful nan effect of T2D was observed erstwhile potatoes were replaced pinch replacement carbohydrates, full grains, and non-starchy vegetables. These inconsistencies successful investigation findings could stem from variations successful methodology, location differences successful murphy consumption, and inadequate power for confounding variables.

Considering nan contradictory findings regarding nan relation betwixt murphy depletion and T2D, semipermanent observational studies pinch standardized methodologies and high-quality information are needed.

About nan study

In nan past 4 decades, nan Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII), and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) person many times assessed nan effect of fare and different variables connected health.  The existent study utilized nan supra 3 cohorts to measure nan effects of full and circumstantial murphy intake and T2D consequence and comparison nan associations of potatoes and full grains pinch T2D risk.

The NHS, NHSII, and HPFS cohorts were initiated successful 1976, 1989, and 1986. They incorporate a sample of antheral and female registered nurses betwixt 25 and 75.

Participants successful these cohorts were initially surveyed utilizing questionnaires, which obtained accusation astir their caller test of T2D, lifestyle, diet, and health. Dietary intake was reassessed each 2 to 4 years, and cumulative mean intake was utilized successful nan main study to amended seizure semipermanent patterns. Those pinch incomplete accusation astir property aliases murphy intake were excluded.

Participants were asked whether they consumed potatoes arsenic baked, boiled, mashed, French fries, aliases arsenic murphy aliases maize chips. Portion sizes were adjusted complete clip utilizing weights from nan National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Total murphy intake was measured by adding nan servings of baked, boiled, aliases mashed potatoes and French fries, excluding murphy aliases maize chips because they were grouped successful nan questionnaire and could not beryllium separated.

Study findings

A full of 22,299 individuals were diagnosed pinch T2D. Men and women who reported higher murphy intake were recovered to beryllium little apt to beryllium physically active, return supplements, and person a higher full power intake. In each 3 cohorts, nan mean wave of consuming boiled, baked, aliases mashed potatoes was considerably higher than that of French fries. A pooled study revealed a affirmative but humble relation betwixt full murphy intake and a higher consequence of T2D.

Participants who reported consuming 7 aliases much servings of full potatoes play had a 12% higher consequence of T2D than those pinch little than 1 serving weekly. An summation of 3 servings play of full potatoes elevated nan consequence of processing T2D by 5%. However, this consequence varies depending connected nan cooking method.

Compared to those who almost ne'er consumed French fries, those who consumed 5 aliases much servings play showed a 27% accrued consequence of T2D. Every 3 further servings of French fries play was associated pinch a 20% higher incidence of T2D. Dose-response study revealed a linear association, indicating that a dependable summation successful French fry intake increases nan consequence of T2D.

After multivariable adjustment, nary summation successful T2D incidence could beryllium linked to baked, boiled, aliases mashed murphy intake aliases murphy aliases maize spot intake. An accrued play intake of baked, boiled, aliases mashed potatoes and murphy aliases maize chips besides exhibited a statistically null T2D risk.

Replacing 3 servings of full potatoes per week pinch full grains resulted successful an 8% little T2D rate. More specifically, substituting baked, boiled, aliases mashed potatoes pinch full grains was estimated to little T2D incidence by 4%. The existent study besides indicated that substituting full potatoes pinch non-starchy vegetables, replacing French fries pinch legumes, starchy and non-starchy vegetables, and moreover refined grains, leads to a reduced T2D incidence. Replacing full aliases baked, boiled, aliases mashed potatoes pinch achromatic atom was associated pinch an accrued consequence of T2D.

The existent study conducted a meta-analysis that included 13 prospective cohort studies (out of 503 screened) related to murphy intake and nan consequence of T2D. Out of 587,081 participants crossed nan selected studies, 43,471 individuals were diagnosed pinch T2D during follow-up, ranging from 4 to 27 years. The T2D consequence accrued by 16% for each three-serving-per-week increment of fried potatoes. A overmuch weaker relation was observed betwixt T2D incidence and nan depletion of non-fried potatoes.

Additional analyses showed that assemblage wide scale (BMI) mediated astir 50% of nan relation betwixt French fry intake and T2D risk. The relation betwixt full murphy intake and T2D was strongest 12 to 20 years earlier diagnosis, and results were much robust erstwhile utilizing cumulative mean dietary intake alternatively than baseline-only measurements.

Conclusions

The existent study recovered that French fry depletion chiefly drove nan relation betwixt full murphy intake and nan consequence of T2D. Substitution study indicated that replacing full potatoes pinch full grains reduces nan consequence of T2D. However, replacing boiled, baked, aliases mashed potatoes pinch achromatic atom accrued nan consequence of T2D. These findings item that consequence varies by cooking method, nan nutrient replacing nan potatoes, and individual factors specified arsenic BMI.

Download your PDF transcript now!